Caffeine is recognized as the first-line therapeutic agent for apnea of prematurity. The dosage regimen is 10 mg/kg loading dose\nand 2.5 mg/kg maintenance dose. However, the plasma concentration achieved, not always, is therapeutically useful. It makes\nnecessary to increase the doses to reach plasma concentration up to 30 or 35 .. or even higher to attain therapeutic effect. To\nstudy why neonates have these differences, and whether these effects are linked to prenatal caffeine exposure, we had to develop an\nanalytical method for an accurate measurement of caffeine and metabolites concentration. The analysis was carried out using fetal\nbovine serum (FBS) as biological matrix in a high-performance liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet detector method. This\nmethod allows acceptable chromatographic resolution between analytes in 15 minutes. It was validated and proved to be linear in\nthe 0.1â??40 .. range for caffeine, paraxanthine, theobromine, and theophylline in the same chromatographic analysis.\nAccuracy for quality control samples for intra- and interday assays was ranged from 96.5 to 105.2% and 97.1 to 106.2%. Precision\nhad CV no more than 10% in all concentration levels for all analytes. No differences were observed between quantification in\nhuman and FBS. This method was applied to quantify plasma drug concentration in mothers and their newborns in a Mexican\nnortheast population. In our study, we confirmed self-reported caffeine maternal intake in 85.2% (n 23); meanwhile, in their\nnewbornâ??s plasma, it was detected only in 78% (n 21). Caffeine plasma concentrations in mother and newborn had a linear\nrelationship, and no differences were observed between groups (mothers versus children). These results suggest that our analytical\nmethod and substitution of biological matrix was linear, precise, and accurate for caffeine quantification and could be used for\nmeasuring prenatal exposure and let us to study, in the future, concentration differences observed during apnea clinical treatment.
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